You Know the Boogaloo Is Lit
Boogaloo is a freestyle, improvisational street dance movement of soulful steps and robotic movements which brand up the foundations of popping dance and turfing; boogaloo can incorporate illusions, restriction of muscles, stops, robot and/or wiggling.[1] The mode also incorporates foundational popping techniques, which were initially referred to as "Posing Difficult".[ii] [three] It is related to the later electrical boogaloo dance.[4]
[edit]
Chicago Record Hops [edit]
The Boogaloo was initially a social trip the light fantastic within the African American community in Chicago that had crossover appeal to white teenagers. Betwixt 1965 and 1966, it was described equally "a full new look compared to previous (social) dances...the entire body moved in a pulsating motion from side to side. The rhythmic impulse seemed to have centered in the upper trunk, shoulders, and head".[5] The boogaloo dance craze would inspire a number of soul dance records such as "Boo-Ga-Loo" by Robert "Tom" Tharpe and Jerry "Jerrio" Murray, as well as Fantastic Johnny-C's "Boogaloo Down Broadway".[six] Tharpe got the idea of releasing "Boo-Ga-Loo" past seeing local African American teenagers dancing the Boogaloo at a local record hop hosted past the legendary Chicago Radio DJ Herb "Absurd Gent" Kent.[5] [7]
The Boogaloo trip the light fantastic step is also described every bit a "single-footstep combination fabricated upwards of a smoothen repetitive side-to-side movement, based on the soul music dance beat on a 4/4 time signature, it consists of lunging motion to the side on the downbeat, held for two counts..accented by a singled-out arm swing where the hand is raised up to middle level...then combined with a distinctive backward caput-nod to the beat...on the third musical beat, the body and head abruptly shift back and lunge in the reverse direction, before shifting once over again on the 4th beat."[8]
James Brown [edit]
In 1966, soul & funk musician James Brown released a boogaloo dance single, "James Brown's Boogaloo" and danced his interpretation of the boogaloo on Where the Action Is on national TV.[ix]
The Soul Dance Era (1960s) [edit]
The Italian (likewise known as the Ditalian) [edit]
In 1966, Larry Thompson, a local dancer in Oakland, California, put together a boogaloo style inspired by the Boogaloo social trip the light fantastic toe, James Brown, the Temptations, and Fred Astaire.[ix] Through these influences, Thompson would innovate a local boogaloo style and formed a dance group Pirate and the Easy Walkers, together with Cornell "Tony Rome" Reese, Wayne "Freddy Snow" Dillard and Levi Warner.[nine] Thompson would as well be inspired past watching a dancer from The Hy-Lit Evidence, a Blackness and Puerto Rican dancer named Harold (Harold Hazzard):[10] "The move this guy did on the show was a Boogaloo fashion step with flailing arm moves that would cross the body then terminate in a freeze with the chest sticking out.[eleven] This was a good step considering we could utilize it to go into the Camel Walk and into the Skate."[12] [nine]
Through 1967 to 1968, soul dancers in Sobrante Park in Oakland, California, would claiming Pirate and the Easy Walkers through "confront off's".[9] The Piece of cake Walkers were unique because they mixed different steps of social dances together in a uniform boogaloo fashion and would introduce challenge steps called the "Ditalian" where dancers would shuffle a combination of cha-cha steps, a stomp and end with a right hand to point and claiming another dancer. The Ditalian was created by Danny Boy Reese, who was the younger brother of Easy Walker's fellow member Cornell Reese.[9]
3-D - Dinosaur - Animation [edit]
In 1967, 1968, & 1969, a style known as 3-D, Dinosaurin' or Animating developed. Dancers such as Albert "Atomic number 26 Man" Milton, Michael "The Mad" Enoch and Jerry "The Worm" Rentie as the group, One Plus Ane imitated Ray Harryhausen stop-motion DynoRama blitheness movies and incorporated these movements equally slap-stick crowd entertainment.[xi] [thirteen] Iron Man particularly took influence from 20 One thousand thousand Miles to Globe reenacting the dinosaur-similar creature birthed in the motion picture and would dance to James Brown.[14] A second generation in the 1970s innovated this style with less comical approach to animated movements and focused on intricate detailed dinosaur motion: this was complete with sudden, full stopping in motion techniques called "dime-stops", infinitesimal terminate-move affects and posing; dancers from the group, Soulful Movements - such as Ted Williams, Steve Williams & Tony Newsome were masters at this Boogaloo animated style.[eleven] [fourteen]
| External video | |
|---|---|
 Picket: "Boogaloo dancer Reo Robot demonstrates Dinosaur and Robot" on YouTube |
The Robot [edit]
In 1964, a Boogaloo dancer named John Tater imitated Robotic movements influenced by the robot in the 1954 sci-fi film Tobor the Dandy, he would motion from West Oakland to East Oakland and introduce The Robot in diverse school talent shows; he is credited with introducing Robot techniques to the Boogaloo customs influencing and teaching popular dancers such every bit Derrick Lovings of Derrick & Company, Newberry, Boogaloo Dan, and the Robotroids.[fifteen] In 1972, John Murphy would aid grade the Boogaloo trip the light fantastic grouping The Black Messengers and develop robotic boogaloo.[16]
Funk dance movement (1970s) [edit]
High Schoolhouse Mascots: Pantomiming in Graphic symbol [edit]
Throughout every highschool in Oakland - Castlemont, McClymonds, Fremont - schools would host dance competitions to select their high school mascots. While in costume, every mascot was innovating in-character steps and developed "hit" techniques to exist noticed in large rallies. For example, Donald "Duck" Mathews was the Fremont Loftier Schoolhouse'southward Tiger mascot, during half-fourth dimension football shows, he would grab his tail, point and pose to taunt the opponents' mascot and innovated fluctuant or worming movements with his breast.[11] Mascots such competed in costume such every bit Fremont Tigers, Castlemont Knights, Oakland Technical Bulldogs.[17] Competing high schools would have a dance off of Mascots during Basketball game and Football games. Duck from Fremont Loftier School is a notable mascot and boogaloo dancer who innovated worming, wiggling and posing while taunting school opponents in a Tiger uniform and character, Fremont High would be known to popularize the "Oakland Hit", allowing his caput piece to shake during each hit that inspired similar vibrating Boogaloo hat effects.[17] Other innovative dancers in this era are Gregory Holm from Castlemont High, Henry Fischer, Lil Willie, Larry Robertson and John Murphy at Fremont High, and Ronald Fretfulness at Oakland Technical High Schoolhouse.[18] [19] [13] [twenty]
Drawing Influence & Ancestry of Posing [edit]
In 1967, Jerry Rentie while living in Oakland, would introduce soul boogaloo styles with new funk movements inspired by "mimicking toys, cartoons, movies...everywere we would cut a step (east.thousand. creating a pace). "We took the Ditallion from soft and sliding to a stride with a stomp, a bounciness, a hop and a skip."[xiii] Rentie would also innovate the concept of "the Freeze", he explains, "The Freeze was a part of a stride where as in doing it you would end and that interruption was to lead into or accent the side by side movement. Lock It Down was how we called freezing then difficult to the signal that we would jiggle when nosotros would freeze."[thirteen] The Freeze would be a predecessor to the "Popping" or "Hitting" techniques in the late 70s. Rentie referred to their new Boogaloo manner as "Bug'n", Rentie recalls "when we were Problems'n nosotros meant Boogaloo in the term of our dance style but it was clearly not the James Brown Boogaloo anymore."[xiii]
Posing Hard & Hitting [edit]
In the early 1970s dancers from the Blackness Messengers grouping innovated a Boogaloo technique of "Posing Hard": they would finish their boogaloo poses and dime-stops with a difficult "hit" - to the signal of vibrating their muscles; this technique would influence the modern day "popping" technique within the Popping trip the light fantastic toe form.[21] [14] Since Boogaloo dancers would dance to the changing sounds of funk, Posing Hard matched the rhythm and intensity of the beat out with their trunk'due south vibrations, chanting "BAM!" or "Boom!" with each pose.[21]
Oakland Talent Shows & Group Routines [edit]
| External video | |
|---|---|
| Lookout: "The Blackness Messengers as Mechanical Device performing Boogaloo grouping steps on the Gong Evidence, aired on national tv in 1977 (4-min marking)" on YouTube |
Through various U.Southward. Federal funding for customs evolution, Oakland had several community development districts especially in East Oakland and W Oakland, these districts hosted talent shows where Boogaloo dancers would showcase routines alongside live bands and singers.[22] [23] Throughout the 1960 and 1970s, Oakland had numerous teenage funk bands that created the musical landscape for Boogaloo dancers with some Boogaloo groups having their own ring to perform with; Eastward Oakland often had three to four bands in every block.[23]
Black Ability Movement [edit]
Taking identify throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s, Oakland was the heart of the Blackness Power Motion which involved the creation of the Blackness Panther Party. Boogaloo dance groups such as the Black Resurgents performed for Blackness Panther customs rallies and events.[22] [24] With the appearance of the liberation spirit of funk music and Black Power, Boogaloo group names such equally The Blackness Messengers, The Black Resurgents, Black Mechanics, and Black Operators would signify Black pride and self-decision.[22]
In East Oakland, in order to outreach to militant youth, the Allen Temple Baptist Church created a partnership with the Black Panthers to host various social programs at the Temple church hall, the Black Panthers would host Oakland socials that featured Boogaloo dancers such as the Black Messengers.[25]
The Temple (Oakland Community School) [edit]
Another cardinal venue for local Boogaloo dancers was the Oakland Community School (OCS) or the "Temple", the Black Panthers had operated this school as part of their community "survival programs". As local Nation of Islam members hosted services on the weekends, this venue was known as "the Temple" and hosted numerous talent shows that featured groups such as the Black Messengers, funk bands and singers. As part of the Black Panthers' curriculum, the venue's principle was "We serve the people everyday. We serve the people, torso and soul." Directed by Ericka Huggins and Donna Howell, OCS provided youth with a culturally relevant pedagogy and challenged the public school system's perceptions of what it meant to be Black and poor.[26]
Notable Boogaloo trip the light fantastic groups [edit]
Boogaloo dance groups incorporated various formations with different styles, hither is a working compiled list of agile Boogaloo trip the light fantastic toe groups during the 1960s and 1970s.[27] [14]
1966 to 1969 era [edit]
- Pirate & the Easy Walkers
- Ane Plus One
- The Five Clowns
1970 to 1975 era [edit]
- Continental Five
- Aces of Soul
- Mystic Robots
- The Blackness Messengers (Likewise known every bit "Mechanical Device")
- Soulful Movements
- The Black Resurgents
- Exotic Movements
- Electronical 4
- SS Enterprise
- Robotroid Inc. (Later "Granny & the Robotroids")
1976 to 1980s era [edit]
- Derrick & Company
- Gentlemen of Production
- The Black Mechanics
1976 to 1980s groups outside of Oakland (Boogaloo influenced from Oakland foundations) [edit]
Richmond [edit]
- Greenish Auto
- Saturn five
- Black Operators
San Francisco [edit]
- Granny & the Robotroids
- Black Velvet
Sacramento [edit]
- Soul Sisters Incorporated
- The Emergens
- The Prime Ministers
- Stage II
- Disco Derby Dancers
Fresno [edit]
- Ace Tre Lockers
- Electronic Boogaloo Lockers (Later Electric Boogaloos)
San Diego [edit]
- Scooby Brothers
- Scott Brothers
- Sunshine Lockers
Los Angeles [edit]
- Fantastic Four
Moves [edit]
| External video | |
|---|---|
| Sentry: "Boogaloo: An Intro to Basic Movements with Chuck Powell" on YouTube |
Soul Boogaloo (Early Funk Boogaloo movements) [edit]
- The Italian aka. The Ditallion
- The Harold (Subsequently Swinging Arms)
- Cha-cha-cha (3-step, 2-step)
- Fancy Feet
- The Swoop
- Swinging / Throwin' the Arms
- Wigglin' / Wormin'
- Side to Side (Footwork)
- Hops
Robot Boogaloo [edit]
- Breakdown / Break-upwards
- Chinese Robot
- Posin'
- Hittin / BAM
- The Slot
- The Baby Doll
Blithe Boogaloo [edit]
- Dynorama / Dinosaurin'
- Vibratin / Tremblin
- 3-D / Tickin
- The Moonwalk
- Puppet
- Erstwhile Human / Former Human Rudy
- The Medusa
- The Stedford
- The One thousand thousand-Dollar Homo
- The Lean
- Levitating
- Backslide
- Looney Cartoony
Posing [edit]
- Creepin
- 3-D
- The Bounce
- Dime-stopping
- Posing Difficult
- Falling Homo
- Broken Man
- Stopping-in-the Air
Group Move Techniques & Traditions [edit]
- Dominoes
- Stepping
- Canework
Music [edit]
Boogaloo relies on the swing and groove of live funk records, and the Boogaloo dance era corresponds with pre-drum machine preference for live drums. Below are notable songs Boogaloo dancers dance to:
- James Chocolate-brown "Cold Sweat" Pt. one & 2
- James Chocolate-brown "There Was a Time"
- James Brown "Soul Power"
- James Brownish "Heed Power"
- Average White Band "Pick up the Pieces"
- Parliament & Funkadelic "Flashlight"
- George Duke "Achieve for It"
- Cameo "Rigor Mortis"
- Donald Byrd and the Blackbyrds "Unfinished Business"
Impact [edit]
| External video | |
|---|---|
| Watch: "SF and Oakland Hip Hop Histories Come up Alive in this Dance Demo" on KQED |
Connections to Strutting [edit]
In 1975, Oakland dancers Donald Jones of the Boogaloo grouping Robotroids performed at a talent bear witness in San Francisco. Eventually the Robotroids would join Debrah "Granny" Johnson. Through the combination of robotic trip the light fantastic toe moves of Lorenzo "Tony" Johnson and Donald Jones' Boogaloo, they would refer to this manner as Strutting in San Francisco. Strutting was done in a solo through swift arm angles (The Fillmore) and through group choreography. Boogaloo Dancers such as Benjamin James from Live, Inc. were too instrumental in the development of Boogaloo to Strutting.[28] [29]
Connections to Richmond Robot [edit]
Oakland Boogaloo groups as well every bit prominent San Francisco, San Jose dancers would compete in talent shows held in Richmond, California; this would be a cultural heart for regional dance influences, by the belatedly 1970s Richmond would be an epicenter of performers such as the Posing Puppets, Richmond Robots, Androids, Audionauts, Criminons, Lady Mechanical Robots and Green Machine.[30] [22] Groups from Richmond would refer to their style as Richmond Robottin.
Connexion to Turfing [edit]
The 60s and 70s Boogaloo generations have similar storytelling, animated movements and share the same neighborhoods and families with today's Turf dancers who practice a street way Turfing.[eighteen] Turf dancers cite inspiration from the previous generations of Boogaloo; they come from a long lineage of dancers in the Bay Area, specifically from Oakland, California.[31] [32] [33]
Bear upon on Popping [edit]
Popping would exist somewhen adapted from earlier Boogaloo movements to influence dancers in Fresno, California, in the late 1970s past way of California loftier-school gatherings of runway & encounter events called the West Declension Relays.[4] [34] Often, the best boogaloo dancers in Oakland would be chosen as high school mascots: all of the surrounding high school mascots would compete against other with a live school band during the half-fourth dimension prove.[35]
Original Boogaloo Reunion BBQ [edit]
An annual effect held in Oakland honors contributions of the Boogaloo generation and hosts an intergenerational outcome for dancers in the Popping and Hiphop community to meet the original Boogaloo generation. Many Bay Area styles represented through Boogaloo, Robot, and Strutting are also showcased through dissimilar dancers at this event.[23]
Media exposure [edit]
| External video | |
|---|---|
| Watch: "Black Resurgents perform alive on The Jay Payton Show (24:47 min mark) on Internet Archive |
Tv set
- 1976: "Soul Is" & "The Jay Payton Show" - The Boogaloo group - The Black Resurgents were frequent dancers on a local syndicated trip the light fantastic toe Oakland show, displaying solo and group routines.[36]
- Granny & the Robotroids were one of the first Boogaloo groups to be seen on national TV performing on Chuck Barris' Gong Bear witness in 1976.[28]
- 1977 & 1978: The Black Messengers, as Mechanical Device, performed on the Gong Evidence and displayed their fashion of "Posing Hard" the group choreography besides includes of "Domino" steps, creeping, canework, and the famous G&G routine choreographed by Chuck Powell. Kerney Mayers also displays a signature solo with vibrating and trembling techniques. The Black Messengers were declared Gong Prove winners on both occasions.[ii]
- 1991: MC Hammer, a popular rapper from Oakland who grew up watching the Boogaloo grouping the Blackness Resurgents,[37] includes Boogaloo choreography and fashion in his music video "This is The Mode We Curl". The music video likewise features a Boogaloo dancer "Frosty".[38]
Notable boogaloo dancers [edit]
1966 to 1969 era [edit]
- Albert Milton aka "Iron Homo"
- Jerry Rentie "The Worm"
- Michael Enoch "The Mad"
- Larry Thompson "Pirate"
- Cornell "Tony Rome" Reese,
- Wayne "Freddy Snowfall" Dillard
- Levi Warner
- Danny Boy Reese
- Donald Mathews "Duck"
- Patricia Scott
- Red (Patricia Scott's brother)
- Henry Fischer
- Gregory Holm
1970 to 1975 era [edit]
- Steve Williams
- Ted Williams
- Kerney Mayers
- Chuck Powell
- John Irish potato
- Jorey "Monk" Walker
- Michael Carter
- Randy Pennington
- William Bilal "Boogaloo Bill"
- Noah Johnson
- Gaston Ducote
- Ricky Gantt
- Lil Ricky
- Ronald Fretfulness
- Paul Reid
- Amelia
- Tony Newsome
- Kenny Chambers
- Derrick Lovings
- Anthony Hamilton
- Darryl Hamilton "Hamo"
- Newberry
- Rosie
- Will Randolph Iii
- Vic Randolph
- Larry Robertson
- Ted Wincher
- Ben James
1976 to 1980s era [edit]
- Dan Hodges "Boogaloo Dan"
- Andrew "PopDog" Paris
- Ben James
- Dan "Boo the Bot" Martin
- Boogaloo Vic
- Boogaloo Dana
- Pierre Hudson
- Chris James
- Darrin Hodges "Dubb"
- Reo Robot
- Dennis "Mechanical Human being" Newsome
- Walter "Sundance" Freeman[39]
References [edit]
- ^ The Preservatory Project (2016) Boogaloo Traditions: Interview with Boogaloo Vic & Boogaloo Dana
- ^ a b Fuhrer, M. (2014) American Trip the light fantastic toe: The Complete Illustrated History. Voyaguer Press
- ^ Guzman-Sanchez, T. (2012) "The Oakland Funk Boogaloo Generation". Clandestine Dance Masters: Final History of a Forgotten Era
- ^ a b Guzman-Sanchez, T. (2012) "Oakland Funk Boogaloo to Popping". Underground Dance Masters: Final History of a Forgotten Era.
- ^ a b Pruter, R. Chicago Soul. University of Illinois Press. 1992, p. 204
- ^ Rudland, D. Let's do the Boogaloo. Liner Notes. Various artists. BGP Records, 2017.
- ^ Wang, O. (2008) "Boogaloo Nights" The Nation.
- ^ Guzman-Sanchez, T. (2012) Underground Dance Masters: Final History of a Forgotten Era.
- ^ a b c d east f Guzman-Sanchez, T. (2012) "1965 & Soul Boogaloo". Secret Dance Masters: Final History of a Forgotten Era.
- ^ "Harold & Company: Stars of the Hy-Lit Show" Headlining Human action and Dance Exhibition hosted by Erlton Lounge. 1967, Courier Post, New Jersey
- ^ a b c d Urban Artistry Preservatory Projection (2019) Boogaloo Traditions ft. Boogaloo Dana: Boogalooin out of Oakland
- ^ Interview (2015), Office Two w-Zurriane + Oaklands own, Dancer, & Practiced Citizen, Larry Thompson. Hamps Corner of America. Blog Talk Radio, Retrieved Online: (http://www.blogtalkradio.com/hampscornerofamerica/2015/04/08/part-two-w-zurriane-oaklands-own-dancer-proficient-denizen-larry-thompson)
- ^ a b c d east Guzman-Sanchez, T. (2012) "The Oakland Funk Boogaloo Generation". Undercover Dance Masters: Final History of a Forgotten Era.
- ^ a b c d Hill, B. & Boogaloo Solarium TV (2014) Office 2 Interview with The Blackness Messengers: Chuck Powell, Kerney Mayers & Steve Harris
- ^ National Hiphop Congress (2014) Interview with Boogaloo Dan, John Murphy, Will Randolph (& James Miller) recorded at 4th Annual Boogaloo BBQ
- ^ Guzman-Sanchez, T. (2012) "The Next Evolution in Oakland". Underground Trip the light fantastic Masters: Final History of a Forgotten Era.
- ^ a b Arnold, E. (2020) "Oakland'south original boogaloos speak out, in hopes of reclaiming their culture" Oaklandside
- ^ a b Stephens, Fifty. (2015) OURTV serial: Boogaloo Dance History in Oakland
- ^ Castlemont High School Twelvemonth Volume, 1972
- ^ "Fremont High School" Rap Atlas: Oakland. Complex Magazine
- ^ a b Loma, B. & Boogaloo Conservatory TV (2014) Part 1 Interview with The Black Messengers: Chuck Powell, Kerney Mayers & Steve Harris
- ^ a b c d Mar, Alan D. (2012) The Funk Behind Bay Surface area Street Trip the light fantastic toe. Section of Indigenous Studies. San Francisco State University
- ^ a b c Davey, D. (2015) "Oakland's Boogaloo Reunion BBQ : A History Lesson in West Declension Street Trip the light fantastic toe"
- ^ Vincent, R. (2013) Political party Music: The Inside Story of the Black Panthers' Band and How Black Power Transformed Soul Music. Chicago Review Press
- ^ Smith, J Alfred (2004) On the Jericho road: a memoir of racial justice, social action, and prophetic ministry. Reverend J. Alfred Smith Sr. with Harry Louis Williams. InterVarsity Printing.
- ^ Easley, Shani. (2016) "Blackness Panthers' Oakland Customs School: A Model for Liberation" Written for the Black Organizing Project
- ^ Oakland Boogaloo Conservatory
- ^ a b Guzman-Sanchez, T. (2012) "Oakland to San Francisco". Underground Dance Masters: Concluding History of a Forgotten Era. Praeger.
- ^ "SF and Oakland Hip Hop Histories Come Alive in this Dance Demo". KQED. Nov 14, 2014.
- ^ Bragin, N. (2015) "Popping and Other Dis/Appearing Acts" Blackness Power of Hiphop Trip the light fantastic toe: On Kinesthetic Politics. UC Berkeley.
- ^ Phaneuf, W. (2013 Aug 21) "Turfing Grows Up." Eastbay Express.
- ^ Bragin, N. (2015) Black Ability of Hiphop Dance: On Kinesthetic Politics. UC Berkeley.
- ^ KQED Arts "How Turf Dancing became synonymous with Oakland." If Cities Could Trip the light fantastic Series. 2019. [one]
- ^ Higa, B. & Wiggins, C. (1996) "Electric Kingdom" The history of popping and locking, from the people who fabricated it happen. Rap Pages. Sep. 1996: 52-67. Impress.
- ^ Thompson, L. Interview (2015), Role Two west-Zurriane + Oaklands ain, Dancer, & Skilful Citizen, Larry Thompson. Hamps Corner of America. Web log Talk Radio, Retrieved Online: (http://www.blogtalkradio.com/hampscornerofamerica/2015/04/08/role-two-w-zurriane-oaklands-ain-dancer-good-citizen-larry-thompson)
- ^ Payton, J. "Soul Is". The Jay Payton Show. KEMO Boob tube (1976). Digitized by California Audiovisual Preservation Project. The Jay Payton Video Collection. Donated to the African American and Library of Oakland. Retrieved online via https://annal.org/details/caolaam_000083
- ^ Wheeler, D. "Out the Trunk: The Bay" Hiphop Development. Netflix Series. Aired on xix October 2018.
- ^ Burrel, Louis (1991) "This is the way nosotros roll". Bosom It Records. Published past Capitol Records, Inc.
- ^ Suhalia "The Oakland Boogaloo & Walter "Sundance" Freeman. Salimpour School
External links [edit]
- The Oakland Boogaloo Conservatory
- A little trip the light fantastic toe history: Popping, Boogaloo, Robot, Strutting, Fillmore, Etc.
- KQED Characteristic: SF & Oakland Hiphop Histories Come Alive in this Dance Demo
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boogaloo_%28funk_dance%29
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